![]() It can be caused by various activities, including football, ballet dancing, equestrian jumping, parachuting and snowboarding. ![]() Proximal tibiofibular joint dislocation is a rare injury and accounts for less than 1% of all knee injuries.Frontal impact at the level of the proximal tibiofibular joint may result in posterior dislocation of the fibular head.Persisting symptoms suggestive of stress fracture require orthopaedic follow-up.Management is to avoid the stressful physical activity for 8-10 weeks, and then a gradual return to the activity.Examination may reveal warmth, local tenderness and swelling. Pain is initially after exercise, then during and after exercise and then pain without exercise. Tibial stress fracture presents with pain in the front of the leg.Later X-rays may show periosteal new bone, with a small transverse defect in the bone cortex. Often they are not initially evident on X-ray but a bone scan will show increased bone activity at the site of the fracture.It refers to exercise-induced pain over the anterior tibia and is an early stress injury in the continuum of tibial stress fractures. Medial tibial stress syndrome is a frequent overuse lower extremity injury in athletes and military personnel.There has often been an increase in intensity of training in the weeks or months leading up to the injury. Those at risk include army recruits, runners and ballet dancers.The prognosis is good for isolated fibular fractures.Prognosis is generally good but is dependent on the degree of soft tissue injury and bony comminution.See also the separate Complications from Fractures article. Peroneal nerve injury may result in foot drop and sensation abnormalities.The common peroneal nerve crosses the fibular neck and is susceptible to injury from a fibular neck fracture, the pressure of a splint or during surgical repair.Neurovascular compromise: popliteal artery injury is very serious and easily missed.Fractures of the proximal fibula may be associated with injury to the common peroneal nerve (distal pulses and sensation should therefore be checked and monitored regularly). Most heal without complication.ĭisplaced tibial shaft fractures may be complicated by injury to the popliteal artery and compartment syndromes. There is very limited mobility between this syndesmosis and the fibula is often fractured along with the tibia. The fibula and tibia are connected via an interosseous membrane, which attaches to a ridge on the medial surface of the fibula. Spiral fractures of the tibia and fibula may be caused by violent twisting injuries, usually from contact sports. Tibial fractures in adults are usually caused by direct blows or falls on to the tibial shaft. The most common age group among women to sustain this fracture is between 20 and 30 years Men tend to sustain tibial shaft fractures between the ages of 10 to 20 years. It occurs more frequently in men, with an incidence of 21.5 per 100,000 people per year. The overall incidence of tibial shaft fractures is 16.9 per 100,000 people per year. The fibula is well covered by soft tissue except at the lateral malleolus. Even in closed fractures, the soft tissue can become compromised. The skin and subcutaneous tissue over the anterior and medial tibia are very thin and therefore lower leg fractures are often open. Fractures of the tibia are often associated with fracture of the fibula (displaced fractures usually involve both the tibia and fibula). Of the two bones of the lower leg, the tibia is the only weight-bearing bone. For proximal fractures of the tibia see also the separate Knee Fractures and Dislocations article. For distal fractures of the tibia and fibula, see also the separate Ankle Fractures article.
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